Norms play an important role in international relations. Norms shape behaviour and provide a shared understanding of what is acceptable and what is not. One of the pillars of international relations is sovereignty. The norm of state sovereignty encompasses the norm of territorial integrity. Large-scale …

Against the backdrop of a complex and dynamic security arena, this exploratory Research Paper aims to contribute to a better understanding of the concept of military policing. Military policing is usually defined as the performance of police-related tasks by the military. However, from the very start …

Since the political unrest in the Middle East and North Africa, the pressure on the European external borders has been increasing due the enormous flow of refugees to Europe. States play a role in creating international refugee flows. For example the interstate violence and violence between different …

The authors take a legal perspective at the 2006 Hezbollah-Israeli conflict, but also illustrate the difficulty states armed forces have when facing non-state adversaries. International law (ius ad bellum) and the laws of war (ius in bello) both seem to originate most of all from the history of western, …

Chapter 1 provides a general overview of the interstate relationship before World War I until World War II. Chapter 2 treats the UN Security Council. The first part describes its formation, and composition. Part two describes the legitimacy of the permanent five. It explains why these UN member states …