The main objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of contract farming in improving smallholder maize seed multipliers income so that the improvement strategies can be established. The study was carried out at the beginning of the implementation of the new seeds supply system. The research …

The significant role of a dairy cooperative is determined by its performance. KUD Giri Tani as a dairy cooperative has low performance in its financial and supplying milk to milk processor company, such as low cash asset, large the debt to feed supplier, lack of support services provided, many farmer …

Shea tree fruits is first processed as shea kernels for sale or further processed into butter. The butter has been used over time in food, cosmetic and industrial purposes. Processing shea as an individual usually comes with a risk of poor sales at the market due to inefficiencies. To avert this and …

Background: Palliative needs in older patients are often not timely identified. The Surprise Question (SQ) ‘would I be surprised if this patient died in the next year?’ is a well-researched tool that could aid in this effort. Most studies thus far involved physicians or specialist nurses, however the …

Background: Clinicians are currently challenged to support older adults to maintain a certain level of Functional Independence (FI). FI is defined as "functioning physically safely and independent from another person, within one's own context". A Core Outcome Set was developed to measure FI. The purpose …

Rationale, aims and objectives: The aims of this study are as follows: (a) to establish whether a relationship exists between the importance that healthcare professionals attach to ethics in care and their likelihood to report reprehensible conduct committed by colleagues, and (b) to assess whether this …

BACKGROUND: The original Rainbow Model of Integrated Care Measurement Tool (RMIC-MT) is based on the Rainbow Model of Integrated Care (RMIC), which provides a comprehensive theoretical framework for integrated care. To translate and adapt the original care provider version of the RMIC-MT and evaluate …

INTRODUCTION: Acquiring practical skills is essential for dental students. These practical skills are assessed throughout their training, both formatively and summatively. However, by means of visual inspection alone, assessment cannot always be performed objectively. A computerized evaluation system …

Background & aims The Scored Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA©) is a validated nutritional screening, assessment, monitoring, and triage tool. When translated to other languages, the questions and answering items need to be conceptually, semantically, and operationally equivalent …

Forensic reports use various types of conclusions, such as a categorical (CAT) conclusion or a likelihood ratio (LR). In order to correctly assess the evidence, users of forensic reports need to understand the conclusion and its evidential strength. The aim of this paper is to study the interpretation …