Intercultural communication education (ICE) is often viewed as the transfer of stable knowledge, skills, and dispositions. Classroom interaction, as an important component of education, is, however, highly relational and deeply contextual. This paper proposes a novel perspective on ICE by integrating …

This project is grounded in three complementary theoretical perspectives: digital twin technology, material trade-off theory in electric motor design, and interactive learning theory. Digital twin theory provides the conceptual basis for linking system modelling with dynamic representation, supporting …

The maritime industry faces increasing demands for continuous professional development due to rapid technological advancements, evolving safety regulations, and the need for a proactive safety culture (Caesar, 2023; Parviainen et al., 2018). Yet, seafarers often encounter barriers such as long working …

Background: Concept diagrams are widely used as tools to enhance scientific reasoning in education. Tailoring the complexity of these diagrams to the cognitive development of students poses a challenge. An effective measure for diagram complexity is particularly important when these diagrams are deployed …

The Developmental Model of Intercultural Sensitivity (DMIS) has been widely used to conceptualise changes in how individuals experience cultural difference, typically described as a progression from ethnocentric toward ethnorelative orientations. While the model’s value is considerable, its common interpretation …

This paper presents a conceptual model for creating digital educational games that aim to reduce mathematics anxiety (MA) and promote positive emotional engagement in mathematics education. No empirical data were collected or analyzed; the proposed model is based on a synthesis of theory and empirical …

Educational practices are complex and value-laden, shaped through the interplay of societal expectations, pedagogical commitments, organisational arrangements, and everyday interactions between teachers, pupils, and colleagues. Teachers do not act as neutral implementers of external prescriptions; rather, …

Introduction: Several barriers, such as lack of time, knowledge and support, hinder clinicians from providing an individually tailored physical activity (PA) prescription and referral to their patients. As a result, “exercise is medicine” (E = M) is not systematically implemented in clinical care today. …

In the face of increasingly complex societal challenges, the field of social design is being called upon to deepen its ability to create long-term, systemic impact. This project, conducted with five experienced social designers and one workshop in our ESConference in 2025, explored how systems thinking, …

Introduction: Self-Determination Theory (SDT) has been widely applied in coaching to support coachees’ needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness, which are collectively known as Basic Psychological Needs (BPNs). Although these BPNs are typically viewed as interpersonal constructs, there is a notable …