In recent literature, much attention has been paid to factors that affect nuclear deterrence and stability from the outside: new missile defence systems, non-nuclear (conventional) high-precision long-range weapons, the in fl uence of third and threshold nuclear states, space weapons, and — more recently …

This chapter traces the evolution of Russian thinking on deterrence and makes three arguments. First, the Russian approach to deterrence differs from the Western conceptualization of this term. Deterrence a la Ruse is much broader than the meaning that Western experts have in mind. It stands for the …

Japan has consistently adopted a deterrence-by-denial strategy in the post-war period. Its ability to deter foreign attacks depends more heavily on its ability to deny hostility than to punish perpetrators. Japan ’ s deterrence-by-denial posture has faced at least two major problems. One problem is the …

Since the introduction of India ’ s cold start and Pakistan ’ s full spectrum deterrence doctrines, the subcontinental deterrence landscape has been characterised by strong cross-domain dynamics. In extremis, if both states adhere to the threats issued in their doctrines a Pakistan-supported militant …

The peace operations literature suffers from a narrow focus on battle fi eld deterrence. It ignores the need to deter actors beyond the battle fi eld from supporting the combatants using force, and analyses the use of military threats and force in peace operations in a vacuum without taking into account …

Abstract Indeed, deterrence, as Freedman and Mazarr recount in this volume in respectively Chaps. 1 and 2, aims to dissuade an opponent from taking undesirable actions. Clear communication of demands (a red line for instance), coupled with a credible threat to in flict pain if necessary, and demonstration …

In March of 2020, the CEO and founder of travel operator City Wonders, Simone Gozzi, stated that his company can no longer operate in its current form. With the impact of the coronavirus pandemic simply being too immense, the company was, in his own words, forced to hibernate. Within the span of a week, …

BioTrade is a business model that promotes protection, conservation and use of native biodiverse resources, implemented through the fundamental pillars of sustainability. Within that context, the purpose of the present thesis is to account for the sustainable viability of the exportable, native products …

Deze scriptie onderzoekt het effect van de stages van BEDRIJF (hierna BEDRIJF) op haar imago onder DOELGROEP. De aanleiding is het einde van PROGRAMMA (hierna PROGRAMMA), het programma waaruit de stages zijn ontstaan (zie Bijlage XIII). Het effect, en daarmee de toekomst van het project, is nog onbekend. …

Rural areas in the northern parts of the Netherlands have lots of potentials to provide a healthy environment for their residents. However, population changes (ageing, outmigration) have a negative impact on the quality of life of residents. The GO!-Method that has been developed by the National Institute …