Food insecurity remains a critical challenge, especially for developing countries like Kenya. While factors such as high poverty rate, rural-urban migration, pandemics including Covid-19, desert locusts, etcetera remain part of immediate causes, shocks resulting from climate change, such as drought, …

Artisanal mining and mining have been considered the primary livelihood activities in Luhwindja for decades. This study sought to determine the effects of industrial mining on livelihood in Luhwindja. The study found out that the suspension of artisanal mining impacted the already vulnerable rural community …

In Ghana, starting a business has problems such as capital availability and accessibility, a lack of planning, trained labour and suitable managerial abilities, a legal framework and social norms, beliefs, and values. These challenges affect both men and women, but women are in the most disadvantaged …

Somalia's climate is naturally arid and semi-arid, with two major rainy seasons. However, irregular rainfall and severe droughts that are becoming more intense and frequent increase the country's water scarcity, disrupting livelihoods and causing drought-related migration and population displacements. …

Smallholder rice farming is vital in ensuring the sustainable livelihoods of farmers in the Ketu North Municipality of Ghana. However, many challenges are contributing to the deficiency in production. The objective of this study was to explore the role of rice production in the livelihood of smallholder …

Beekeeping is an important source of income in the Northern province of Sierra Leone. However, smallholder farmers' beekeeping practices were heavily influenced by the traditional system, and they sold their honey to local vendors at the local market. According to the findings, beekeeping was a male-dominated …

Non-formal education (NFE) has emerged as an integral dimension of the education system in Burkina Faso, and one of the key priorities in development strategies since the adoption in 2007 of the Law on Education Orientation. The education system is characterised par significant disparities between urban …

In Rwanda, the education system is characterized by a good representation of women as the gender parity index in education is to the advantage of girls. Policies allowed to favour an increase of female enrolment in general secondary school, but the government, through the Ministry of Education, sets …

The coffee is the main cash crop grown in Rwanda, especially in the Gakenke district where the research has been conducted. Coffee is farmed mostly by smallholder farmers on plots of less than one hectare. Coffee production in Rwanda has grown in recent years, and prospects for a better income pushed …

Conditional cash transfer programmes (CCTs), which provide money subsidies to targeted households living in extreme poverty, are some of the salient policy instruments used for poverty alleviation in the Global South today. These programmes employ a gendered approach as they provide money to the mothers …