The following report explores the impact of the 2023 Law governing Land and Waterways, in relation to the 2021 Law governing Public Transport Bus Services, on public transport bus services within Kigali, Rwanda. The study aimed to determine how the legislative changes empower the City of Kigali to assume …

With contributions from over 30 international legal scholars, this topical Research Handbook on International Food Law provides a reflective and crucial examination of the rules, power dynamics, legal doctrines, societal norms, and frameworks that govern the modern global food system. The Research Handbook …

Speaker in the Closing Panel on Sustainability

What do human rights look like when we present them as action-based, bottom-up concepts, and not exclusively as legal items? After all, when we narrow down human rights to a legal concept only, we do not do justice to its meaning. In many professions and branches the idea of human rights is used in …

UN peace operations have greatly expanded over the past couple of years. What started with simple observer missions has slowly but steadily evolved into far-reaching operations in which the UN takes on a major role within the administration of countries. The effects of this expansion have, however, …

This is an open access volume of the NL ARMS offers an interdisciplinary view on the domain of Compliance and Integrity in International Military Trade (CIIMT), integrating defence economics, international law, arms export control frameworks and policies, information management, organizational sciences …

Ever since the 2016 presidential election in the United States of America one of the recurrent questions has been whether this election was tempered with. Were the elections manipulated and, more importantly from a legal perspective, was international law violated during these foreign influence operations …

Traditionally, the control of the export of arms and other military material is a national concern that flows from the principle of state sovereignty. As international public law developed, national rules and regulations were increasingly affected by a growing body of international law. Together, these …

The sovereignty of states is reflected in the notion of jurisdiction, empowering them to enact and enforce laws and regulations, and to adjudicate disputes in court. The jurisdiction of states and the exercise thereof is primarily territorial, limiting the exercise of state authority to their respective …