Iran has been a critical player in the Syrian war since 2011, crafting a complex foreign policy and military strategy to preserve its Syrian ally. What have been the drivers of Iranian decision-making in this con fl ict? And how has Iranian strategy evolved over the course of the war? This chapter argues …

The chapter examines the relevance and applicability of deterrence to violent non-state actors (VNSAs). VNSAs have become important players in the international system. Traditional deterrence theory and practice has limited utility against VNSAs due to their different characteristics to those of states …

Abstract This chapter examines the use of deterrence by President Putin of the Russian Federation against potential democratic revolts. It combines insights from the literatures on democratic revolutions and social movements on the one hand and deterrence and coercion on the other. This exploratory research …

Russian disinformation has thus far proven to be unconvincing for most Dutch target audiences. This is the conclusion of the present chapter. Information and disinformation have become effective weapons in international politics. This is part of a development where the weapons and concepts used in deterrence …

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) disease and CV mortality1. High values of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are protective against CVD and CV mortality2. Physical activity levels in patients with RA are low. Knowledge on whether physical …

The main purpose of this dissertation is to establish which road (ownership or circulation) car tax model is best to reduce CO2 emissions in the European Union. In Europe, climate change and reduction of greenhouse gasses is a concern among the population, as it is seen by the growing Eco activism as …

Quality of life serves a reference against which you can measure the various domains of your own life or that of other individuals, and that can change over time. This definition of the World Health Organization encompasses many elements of daily living, including features of the individual and the environment …

Het Engels is op universiteiten veel te dominant geworden, vindt docent Jelle van Baardewijk. Samen met anderen spreekt hij zich uit tegen de verengelsing van Nederland in de bundel Against English.

This article aims to supplement the three “golden rules” of rewilding – or three Cs – the Cores, Carnivores, and Corridors – by a fourth C – Compassion, in discussing the case of Oostvaardeplassen in The Netherlands. The cores refer to large, strictly protected ecologically intact areas, carnivores refer …

Dynamic stall phenomena bring risk for negative damping and instability in wind turbine blades. It is crucial to model these phenomena accurately to reduce inaccuracies in predicting design driving (fatigue) loads. Inaccuracies in current dynamic stall models may be due to the facts that they are not …