In recent decades, the level of scale in urban regions has become increasingly important for economic development. The characteristics of the specific economy in an area must be identified first in order to develop policy for regional economic growth. All kinds of measuring instruments have been developed …

This research examines how Dutch border retailers are responding to business opportunities from cross-border shoppers as a specific target group. Further on, it describes shopping behaviour of German cross-border shoppers in the Netherlands. Interviews about their marketing policy are conducted with …

Like a marker pen on a map, the Covid-19 pandemic drastically highlighted the persisting existence of borders that used to play an ever decreasing role in people´s perception and behavior over the last decades. Yes, inner European borders are open in normal times. Yes, people, goods, services and ideas …