This research explores the illegal migration of youths abroad through the Sahara Desert and the Mediterranean Sea which results in the loss of lives of thousands of migrating youths travelling across these dangers routes en route Europe.

The concept of deterrence has dominated Western strategic thought for some seven decades. It shows no signs of easing its grip. In the face of any new security threat, such as terrorism or cyber-attacks, one of the fi rst questions to be asked is ‘ can this be deterred? ’ Even when the answer is not very …

In this thesis, we develop mathematical models for the optimal deployment of security forces addressing two main challenges: adaptive behavior of the adversary and uncertainty in the model. We address several security applications and model them as agent-intruder games. The agent represents the security …

The  purpose  of  this  research  is  to  find  out  how  sex  work  decriminalisation  policy  could  benefit working circumstances for sex workers in the European Union. Since criminalisation and  legalisation  policy  types  have  failed  to  protect  sex  workers  from  violence,  abuse,  exploitation …

From the article: Blockchain technology may have the potential to fundamentally change society and we might currently witness the dawn of a cryptographically secured trust-free transactions economy. One relatively unexplored application domain is waste management. Incorrect waste management practices …

Howler monkeys (genus Alouatta) are new world monkeys native to Central and South America. Although the overall population of howler monkeys is declining due to habitat loss and the illegal trade, their status, as categorised by the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (2017), ranges from Least Concern …

In this chapter we consider a security game between an agent and an intruder to find optimal strategies for patrolling against illegal fishery. When patrolling large areas that consist of multiple cells, several aspects have to be taken into account. First, the current risk of the cells has to be considered …

Today’s military missions are often broad in scope and face a multitude of political, socio-economic, and security challenges. Enemy-centric intelligence is therefore no longer sufficient. Based on their experiences in Afghanistan, retired General Michael T. Flynn and his colleagues noted that U.S. …

In this research different reforestation techniques are investigated in relation to its effectiveness in restoring the natural forest ecosystem. The location where the research is conducted is the Peruvian region Madre de Dios, which is on the Amazonian foothill of the Andes. There are great deforestation …

This research report is written as finalization of the bachelor study of Forest- and Nature conservation at the University of Applied Sciences Van Hall Larenstein. The purpose of the research is (a) to find out what influences the European Union Timber Regulation (EUTR) has had on the timber trade flows …