Introduction: In recent years some researchers investigated the effect of lumbar muscle fatigue on postural control in quiet standing and sitting. The goal of this study was to transfer the question if changes in postural control are visible after fatigue into a functional, dynamic setting. Research …

Background Information: Slumped sitting has been associated with low back pain. Low back pain has shown to affect postural stability. In the lower back of a healthy person, little is known about the effects slump sitting has on motor control and sway. Objective: To investigate if there are differences …

A previous review concluded that postural sway is increased in patients with low back pain (LBP). However, more detailed analysis of the literature shows that postural deficit may be dependent on experimental conditions in which patients with LBP have been assessed. The research question to be answered …

Background: In many sports, maintaining balance is necessary to compete at a high level. Also, in many health problems, balance is impaired. Postural sway (PS) is often used as an indicator of upright balance control, and physical activity (PA) might enhance balance control. However, the relationship …

Introduction Nowadays, humans are used to sit a lot during daily activities. Most of the time this happens in a relaxed way. This position is also called ´slouching´ or ´slouched posture´. In the slouched posture the pelvis and the lumbar spine are flexed and places the muscle spindles, muscles and ligaments …

We study the relation between formal incentives and social exchange in organizations where employees work for several managers and reciprocate a manager’s attention with higher effort. To this end we develop a common agency model with two-sided moral hazard. We show that when management attention is …