Poland's veto against the Low Carbon Roadmap 2050 of 9 March 2012 represents the point of departure for this research. The aim was determine the extent to which the Council of Ministers retains veto powers on legislation pertaining to their national energy mix, or whether energy policy is governed by …

A refugee is a person who, for reasons of persecution (or fear hereto), is forced to leave his home and is outside of his home country. Although the great majority of the world's refugees find themselves in third world countries, also wealthier countries are dealing with considerable numbers of migrants …

The position of non-EU migrants in social security is problematic. Many European states reduce access to social benefits for categories of migrants whose presence is not desired. At the same time the scope of application of the national systems is becoming more confined to the national borders, as, for …

It has been almost fifteen years since the brutal conflict in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) started, and has been causing tremendous suffering for the Congolese civilians ever since; leaving millions of people dead, and causing another hundreds of thousands of people to flee their homes, while …

Piracy off the Horn of Africa has become an increasingly salient international issue. The phenomenon of piracy has been forbidden by (international) law since centuries and has taken different forms throughout history. Nowadays piracy is still present in every corner of the world, especially in poor, …

The right to adequate food is by no means a tranquil possession with one single undisputed content. It has been addressed uncountable times with the utmost of urgency. Being one of the prerequisites for a humane life with at least a right to a minimum of existence, this right is embedded in the international …

In the past ten years, the European Court of Justice has done important verdicts concerning cross border healthcare on the principle of free movement of people and services. This has now resulted in a new proposal for a directive providing cross-border healthcare of a legal basis. The aim of the proposed …

Enterprise 2.0, deconstructed firms, organisational ecosystems: all of these buzzwords are used to identify operating concepts behind today's companies. They are driven by the need to be agile, flexible, distributed, open, transparent, simple, on demand and with a short time to market. In order to be …

Almost continually Afghanistan has had a national police force which, centrally controlled, served the interests of the government in a repressive manner. Dependent on the signature of the regime, the role and realisation of its task differed. Where in the nineteen-sixties and seventies the emphasis …