Japan has consistently adopted a deterrence-by-denial strategy in the post-war period. Its ability to deter foreign attacks depends more heavily on its ability to deny hostility than to punish perpetrators. Japan ’ s deterrence-by-denial posture has faced at least two major problems. One problem is the …

Iran has been a critical player in the Syrian war since 2011, crafting a complex foreign policy and military strategy to preserve its Syrian ally. What have been the drivers of Iranian decision-making in this con fl ict? And how has Iranian strategy evolved over the course of the war? This chapter argues …

Abstract This chapter examines the use of deterrence by President Putin of the Russian Federation against potential democratic revolts. It combines insights from the literatures on democratic revolutions and social movements on the one hand and deterrence and coercion on the other. This exploratory research …

Offering a critical synthesis of extant insights into technological developments in AI and their potential rami fi cations for international relations and deterrence postures, this chapter argues that AI risks in fl uencing military deterrence and coercion in unique ways: it may alter cost-bene fi t calculations …

Groningen as the Dutch Silicon Valley? Too good to be true? Of all jobs in the city, about seven and a half percent are in the IT sector. According to het Financieel Dagblad (2018), IT giants as IBM and Google, but also smaller IT companies and start-ups attract recent graduates, which works wonderfully …

Project "Al Raqqa -Civic generator" is a tale about a neighborhood in the city of Raqqa, a once lively town by the river Euphrates in Syria, recently reduced to rubble by the raging war in Syria and prior to it by harsh political conditions and environmental change. This project is an exploration of …

The goal of this research is to examine the differences between the Netherlands and Germany, when it comes to European integration. The central question in this thesis is: “Why do the Netherlands and Germany differ on further European integration?”. Through desk research and field research, in the form …

Ziel der Studie war es, in der myofunktionellen Therapie Hausaufgaben in Videoform mit den klassischen Hausaufgaben in Papierform zu vergleichen.