Animal welfare has a high importance this day and age. In 1998 the 'Five freedoms' of Brambell have been put in the European law. Thermal comfort for dairy cows is in these five freedoms and so thermal discomfort must be avoided. Heat stress affects animal welfare, milkproduction, udder-health and reproduction …

From the article: "To enable selection of novel chemicals for new processes, there is a recognized need for alternative toxicity screening assays to assess potential risks to man and the environment. For human health hazard assessment these screening assays need to be translational to humans, have …

Good reproduction is key for successful dairyfarming. Detection of estrus is the first step in getting acow pregnant. Visual detection of estrus is a challengingjob, to aid the farmer, estrus detection tools (EDT), suchas pedometers, neck mounted collars to measure activityand pressure sensing devices …

The number of weaned piglets per sow per year is an important parameter for the productivity of sows in pig production. This number depends on several parameters of which in many cases the sow has a central role. To improve the sow’s reproduction it is important to keep the sow’s body condition optimal. …