Cyber-physical systems-of-systems (CPSoS) are networks that interconnect cyber-physical systems and people. Intercommunications and interaction between a wide range of separate and autonomous components make a cyber-physical system-of-systems a highly complex entity. This complex entity works based on …

Interconnecting cyber-physical systems in networks leads to the creation of cyber-physical system-of-systems. In a cyber-physical system-of-systems (CPSoS), systems communicate by exchanging and sharing data and information, which this chapter also refers to as interoperability of information. To ensure …

A blockchain can be considered a technological phenomenon that is made up of different interconnected and autonomous systems. Such systems are referred to here as cyber‐physical systems: complex interconnections of cyber and physical components. When cyber‐physical systems are interconnected, a new whole …