This paper describes the work done to track the supply chains of sur-veillance technologies from the global North to African governments for illegal surveillance of their citizens. We conducted desk research to analyse the supply side of surveillance technology exported to African countries. Our preliminary …

The main hypothesis underlying this article is that although arbitrators are not formally part of national justice systems, they have dealt with questions of EU fundamental rights and the European rule of law standards for quite some time, at least formally since the landmark CJEU judgment in Eco Swiss …

European Integration qualifies as perhaps the most interesting experiment in present-day international relations. Throughout its existence, the European Union’s power as an economic, political or military actor has changed constantly. The current status of the EU has an impact on how the EU functions …

On 12 November 2021, the European Commission (‘EC’) published a consultation document on strengthening the quality of corporate reporting and its enforcement by addressing shortcomings in the underlying ecosystem. The duties of this EC initiative include examining the role that internal controls can …

In this brief chapter of the report we focus on the model that was developed as part of the evaluation strategy: the local CoP impact measurement model. This model has been described as part of the strategy report as well. For purposes of clarity (as it is one of the main deliverables of work package …

The European Union Water Framework Directive (WFD) encourages water managers to implement active stakeholder involvement to achieve sustainable water management. However, the WFD does not describe in detail how member states should operationalize participation. The need for local experience and local …

The European Migrant Crisis of 2015 has brought drastic challenges on national and European levels in regard to the reception of asylum seekers and in sharing responsibility among member states. Many eastern and southern member states, however, felt the necessity to cope with the consequences of the …

This research aims to examine how the EU and its Member States can advance its support for the ICC’s complementarity principle. The principle of complementarity is one of the ICC’s core principles and its paramount importance is acknowledged by the EU. Subsequently, the ICC is a court of last resort …

A vital element of liberal democracy is the relationship between a government and its citizens, which is often characterised by the concept of political support or its reverse, political alienation. Ideally, this relationship should display political support since this indicates a high level of trust …

This paper is about the political imbalance in the EU when it comes to attracting European agencies. Over the years, mainly due to the Brexit negotiations and for cost-efficiency reasons, many EU agencies moved from the UK to elsewhere, finding a new sea for headquarters functions or other departments. …