As an essential nutrient for food production, phosphate is largely used in fertilizers to enhance crop growth (Baishya et al., 2016; Hasanuzzaman et al., 2018). Regardless of its enormous demand, the only concentrated P source is phosphate rock and the resource is finite (Cordell & White, 2011; Smit …

Girona is a city located in the river Ter Basin, in the Principality of Catalonia. The city’s convenient access to water played a role during the 19thcentury to quickly industrialise and modernise the city. Yet, not at the cost of polluting the rivers and turning natural habitats, places of enjoyment …

The Netherlands has a mission to use 16% of sustainable energy by 2023, and 100% of sustainable energy by 2050, thus making green energy to be the only source of energy in the future. Foundation Loswal “De Bonnen” has 17.5 hectares of raw land where they want to develop a digester. The aim of this paper …

It is of utmost importance to collect organic waste from households as a separate waste stream. If collected separately, it could be used optimally to produce compost and biogas, it would not pollute fractions of materials that can be recovered from residual waste streams and it would not deteriorate …

The culture of fear seems to be increasingly embedded in today’s society, especially on highly social unequal countries, such as Brazil. The rise of the “condomínios fechados” (gated communities) on recent years expose how this fear shapes our cities. People are sold by the idea of isolating themselves …

The challenge of sustainable development requires cities to aim for drastic improvements in the systems that support its vital functions. Innovating these systems can be extremely hard, and might take lots of time. A transparent and democratic strategy is important to guarantee support for change. Such …

Global society is confronted with various challenges: climate change should be mitigated, and society should adapt to the impacts of climate change, resources will become scarcer and hence resources should be used more efficiently and recovered after use, the growing world population and its growing …

Innovations are required in urban infrastructures due to the pressing needs for mitigating climate change and prevent resource depletion. In order to address the slow pace of innovation in urban systems, this paper analyses factors involved in attempts to introduce novel sanitary systems. Today new requirements …

One of the goals for the JPI Water funded project INovations for eXtreme Climatic Events (INXCES) is to provide risk assessment tools for urban hydro-climatic events. Combining disciplines increases the capacity to manage and improve the mitigation of the infrastructure for stormwater in urban areas. …

Total organic carbon (TOC) is often found in natural water sources, and also may come from (chemical) water treatment processes or from sewage. It may react with disinfectants to produce DBPs (disinfection by-products), which are harmful to water systems and public health. Besides, in industrial systems …