Samenvatting

Wetlands are important centres of biodiversity and play a crucial role in the environment. But for a long time they have been badly damaged, particularly by human activity. In fact, two thirds of the original French wetlands have been destroyed. In one hundred years, this represents 2.5 million hectares, or three times the surface area of Corsica. (Bernard, P.1994.)
Over the years, a trend favourable to wetlands has been observed, marked in particular by the strengthening of protection and management measures, notably as part of the Natura 2000 programme.
When planning a development or property project, it is now imperative to consider the impact on the environment. The aim is to draw up a specific plan to minimise the impact on ecosystems. The aim is to prevent any degradation, reduce it if possible, or compensate for it when other solutions cannot be envisaged. This ERC sequence, representing the Avoid, Reduce and Compensate stages, is part of the national policy of the Ministry of Ecology as part of the drive to regain biodiversity.
The concept first appeared in 1976 and took its current form in 2009. The ERC doctrine is based on a global approach to the management and protection of natural environments. It aims to improve the way the environment is taken into account in public decision-making. Its aim is to establish simple, common national guidelines, derived from legislative and regulatory texts, to ensure that the environment is taken into account in the same way throughout the country.
In this report, we will look at how it is applied in practice, through the study of a building project, and how this sequence reconciles economic development and environmental protection.