Enforcement of national and international laws banning illegal tropical timber trade hinges on independent origin verification, such as with genetic or chemical wood properties. This is of particular concern in Central Africa, where illegal trade prevails. However, tracing methods have not yet consistently …

To find the demands for Dutch civil waterworks constructions literature was studied and an Internet Survey was created and sent to customers of civil waterworks constructions such as most Dutch water boards, Rijkswaterstaat and the province of North Holland. This created a broader vision of what is used …