Sanctions are a frequently employed diplomatic instrument to exert influence. However, it is also a relatively poorly understood instrument that, while seductive because it seems easy to employ and relatively risk-free, is also criticized for lack of effectiveness. In particular in the past decade UN …

Following the withdrawal of large scale military contingents from Afghanistan and Iraq, enthusiasm in the Western world for what has been called armed state-building seems to have sunk to an all-time low. This is not entirely surprising given the high stakes and the meagre results of the massive efforts …

In recent years’ investments in infrastructure in Indonesia have been a much neglected. In order to achieve high rates of economic growth, the country has to move away from commodities and towards manufacturing. To make this shift viable, investments in infrastructure on a national level are necessary. …

This marketing plan is written for Big in Japan. Big in Japan is a clothing store based in the eastside of Amsterdam. Big in Japan brings a carefully selected range of fashion and lifestyle brands to an accessible level, not only focusing online but also with a unique store concept, outside the city …

Common seals (Phoca vitulina) are mostly seen from coastal temperate waters to the Polar Regions. High levels of toxic waste that affect the immune system, fisheries, and new outbreaks of viruses consist of the current threats to the seal populations. The Seal Rehabilitation and Research Centre (SRRC) …

The urgency of analysing the case of female genital cutting (FGC) increases due to the globalisation of today’s world, enhancing multicultural societies dealing with benefits and challenges with respect to cultural differences. Generally, FGC originates from and is promoted as a highly valued cultural …

After the failure of the League of Nations after World War I, the Allied powers (the United Kingdom, the United States and the Soviet Union) came together to form a new international organization – the United Nations - that could save future generations from war and the atrocities experienced during …

Tropical forest in Tabalong district South Kalimantan are under threat by external factors; one of the main threats to the forests are coal mining operations. Coal mining operations are temporary land use activities because of this mine rehabilitation is an important part of the mine development process.Mine …

Full text beschikbaar met HU-account. Sinds de opkomst van sociale media spelen de toepassing en het bereik ervan in toenemende mate een rol, ook bij rampen en crises. De vraag rijst dan hoe daar in de crisiscommunicatie en het crisismanagement effectief mee om te gaan. Uit literatuuronderzoek en een …

This research analyses the situation of the Russian minority in Lithuania. Lithuania is a post-soviet country and a neighbour of the Russian Federation that has been feeling threats due to Russia´s actions in Ukraine and its overall policies for its near abroad and compatriots. As a country with a Russian …