The generation of electrical power from renewable sources such as wind and solar power is on the rise. However, the nature of this power generation is characterized by a relatively high level of unpredictability, whereas the demand for electrical power continues to grow steadily. These factors – among …

Battery energy storage (BES) can provide many grid services, such as power flow management to reduce distribution grid overloading. It is desirable to minimise BES storage capacities to reduce investment costs. However, it is not always clear how battery sizing is affected by battery siting and power …