Airports and surrounding airspaces are limited in terms of capacity and represent the major bottlenecks of the air traffic management system. This paper addresses the problems of terminal airspace management and airport congestion management at the macroscopic level through the integrated control of …

Mexico City airport is located close to the center of the city and is Mexico’s busiest airport which is considered congested. One of the consequences of airport congestion are flight delays which in turn decrease costumer’s satisfaction. Air traffic control has been using a ground delay program as a …

Airports represent the major bottleneck in the air traffic management system with increasing traffic density. Enhanced levels of automation and coordination of surface operations are imperative to reduce congestion and to improve efficiency. This paper addresses the problem of comparing different control …