Background and Aims Use of the synthetic methylmethcathinones 2-MMC and 3-MMC (2/3-MMC) is emerging, especially among young people, but their health risks remain unclear. Method A systematic narrative review was conducted on studies describing the availability, pharmaco-toxicological profile, and user …

The relationship between race and biology is complex. In contemporary medical science, race is a social construct that is measured via self-identification of study participants. But even though race has no biological essence, it is often used as variable in medical guidelines (e.g., treatment recommendations …