An estimated 17 million tonnes of tires are discarded annually. Re-use is achieved by retreading (9%), recycling (39%), energy recovery (37%) and landfill (5%). A preferred, but complex way of recycling is to make new tires from discarded tire rubber. Vulcanised car tire rubber has to be devulcanized …

Stricter environmental policies, increased energy prices and depletion of resources are forcing industries to look for bio-based and low carbon footprint products. For industries, flax is interesting resource since it is light, strong, environmental friendly and renewable. From flax plant to fiber products …

Avans University of Applied Sciences is redrafting its courses and curricula in view of sustainability. For chemical engineering in particular that implies a focus on 'green' and bio-based processes, products and energy. Avans is situated in the Southwest region of the Netherlands and specifically in …

Synthetic fibers, mainly polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyamide (PA), polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and polypropylene (PP), are the most widely used polymers in the textile industry. These fibers surpass the production of natural fibers with a market share of 54.4%. The advantages of these fibers are …

The reaction of the alkyl complexes Cp*2LnCH(SiMe 3)2 (Ln = Y 1-Y, Ce 1-Ce, La 1-La; Cp* = η5-C5Me5) and Me2Si(η 5-C5Me4)2LnCH(SiMe3) 2 (Ln = Ce 5-Ce) with 1-methylalk-2-ynes CH3C≡CR (R = Me 3a, Et 3b, nPr 3c, tBu 3d, SiMe3 3e, Ph 3f, C6H4Me-2 3g, C6H3Me 2-2,6 3h, C6H3iPr2-2,6 3i, C6F5 3j) affords the …

Isolations of 3-chlorobenzoate (3CBA)-degrading aerobic bacteria under reduced O-2, partial pressures yielded organisms which metabolized 3CBA via the gentisate or the protocatechuate pathway rather than via the catechol route. The 3CBA metabolism of one of these isolates, L6, which,vas identified as …

The lanthanide alkyls Cp 2 *LnCH(SiMe 3 ) 2 (Ln = La, Ce) are efficient catalysts for the cyclodimerization of 2-alkynes MeC≡CR (R = Me, Et, n-Pr) to 1,2-disubstituted 3-alkylidenecyclobutenes. The first step in the reaction is a propargylic metalation of the α-methyl group, giving Cp* 2 LnCH 2 C≡CR …