At the end of the 1940s and the early 1950s, the question whether or not to rearm West Germany was a fiercely and hotly debated topic in Europe. The Americans suggested doing this by integrating the Federal Republic in NATO. However, many Europeans feared the resurgence of German militarism. Nowhere …

With trade concentrated in a few ports in todays global economy, even a single maritime terrorist incident has the potential to significantly disrupt our economic and financial processes. A (renewed) maritime focus for policy makers is not only of paramount interest for our economic wealth and progress, …

Safety and Security (S&S) have the same goal, that is to maintain the integrity of human, infrastructure, hardware, software, capital and intangible assets of a system. However, literature and practice indicate that the relationship between S&S has not yet been clearly defined and their boundaries remain …

The library of The Hague consists of eighteen buildings, scattered throughout the city. The main building, located in the city center, attracted more than 1.1 million visitors and customers in 2016. The library is part of the municipality of The Hague and the main building is actually integrated within …

Tirana is the capital of Albania. A country that was completely isolated from Europe after the Second World War, as a result of the communist regime. When the communist government was dissolved in 1991, this resulted in large-scale migration. Albanians moved abroad, but also to the capital Tirana in …

This research was executed in response to the behaviour of many personnel during a Risk Advisory and Assurance Services (RAAS)-audit on board a R-class vessel of Holland America Line (HAL), one of the subsidiary companies of Carnival Corporation. A RAAS-audit is an internal audit performed by auditors …

In this paper, we test path models that study the interrelations between primary health careprovider attitudes towards working with drinkers, their screening and brief advice activity, and theirreceipt of training and support and financial reimbursement. Study participants were 756 primaryhealth care …

Since the political unrest in the Middle East and North Africa, the pressure on the European external borders has been increasing due the enormous flow of refugees to Europe. States play a role in creating international refugee flows. For example the interstate violence and violence between different …

This article is about the effect of local tailored interventions to counter (violent) extremism, and therefore contributes to the academic and policy debates. It focusses on local, professional perspectives on person-specific interventions utilising a Dutch case study as the basis. The interventions …

More than ten years ago, the European Union established the EU Counter Terrorism Strategy. The aim of the strategy was to ‘’combat terrorism globally while respecting human rights, and make Europe safer, allowing its citizens to live in an area of freedom, security and justice’’ (Council of the European …