Concrete is arguably the most widely used building material in the world today. Current estimates of world cement manufacture are of the order of 1.7*109 tons per year, enough to produce well over 6 km3 of concrete per year or at least 1 m3 per person (Gartner, 2004). It is a composite material made …

The emission of greenhouse gasses is a trending subject worldwide. Also the maritime industry is looking for alternative options for zero-emission transport. Nedstack provides fuel cells as a solution for this challenge. This research is a first glance at the possibilities to create a feasible retrofit …

As an essential nutrient for food production, phosphate is largely used in fertilizers to enhance crop growth (Baishya et al., 2016; Hasanuzzaman et al., 2018). Regardless of its enormous demand, the only concentrated P source is phosphate rock and the resource is finite (Cordell & White, 2011; Smit …

The generation of food loss and waste is a topic that gained increasing attention over the past years. The most prominent estimate is that a third, or 1.3 billion tons, of the human food produced is wasted every year. The massive overproduction of food products on the one side and the malnutrition of …

Corn is one of the world’s three major food crops, and it is also the most extensive grain variety in China, accounting for 42% of the grain planting area. According to the data in 2019, corn production in China reached 255 million tons (USDA GAIN 2020). The total production just after the rice and wheat …

Since the Industrial Revolution, human activity has reinforced climate change to alarming rates and has introduced new stressors such as plastic pollution to the environment. Currently, 4.8 - 12.7 million tons of plastic litters enter the oceans every year. Globally alternatives to replace synthetic-based …

In the Province of Zeeland, ragworms (Alitta virens) are farmed on large scale in open rectangular (flow through systems) ponds. In April these ponds are stocked with ragworm larvae from a hatchery. The juveniles bury themselves in the sediment layer in the pond and are fed with feed pellets. Dependent …

The overriding purpose of the thesis research is to develop new design concepts for improved and sustainable asphalt mixes. To accomplish this goal, it became necessary to reach some prerequisite goals. Determining what a sustainable asphalt means, and how that ideal is connected with the field of asphalt …