Turkey's historical focus on the European Union dates back to the Ottoman period. In this era, numerous developments clearly illustrated Turkey's focus on the EU. These developments included among others the Tanzimat, literally 'reorganisation', which implies secularization of the judicial system, and …

The EU was formed in 1958 by six European countries. Since then, 21 other countries have joined this union and still others are hoping to join. Albania is one of these countries. Albania, also known as the 'best kept secret of Europe' has submitted its application on April 28, 2009. The country has …

In studies of soldiers’ fears and behavior during war it has been generally acknowledged that their paramount concern is not fear of death, but the fate of their comrades and subordinates. This study aims to delve deeper into this issue. This study deals with the impact of actual death threat on self-perceptions …

The collapse of the Soviet Union meant the removal of the main adversary of NATO, and many believed that NATO had become obsolete given its original purpose of countering the Soviet communist threat. The end of the Cold War caused a debate about the future role and the necessity of the Alliance. It soon …

This paper provides an overview of the United States policy and its potential results in Iraq. The objective of this research is to establish to what extent has the ambitious US plan for the introduction of democracy in Iraq been accomplished. At the heart of the study lies the question of the effectiveness …

The Dutch Government wishes to participate in peace enforcing missions and stabilizing missions. From the early 1990s onwards, the armed forces have taken part in several of such missions,examples of which are the execution of peace enforcing operations in the Gulf area and peacekeeping missions in former …

In order to prevent conflicts and escalation, the United Nations works with a so called Conflict Management system. With this system, the UN aims to prevent the outbreak of conflicts. Besides, Conflict Management makes is possible to bring permanent peace to a conflict area by addressing root causes …

The authors research the efficacy of Terror Management Theory. Their starting point is the disruption caused by the existential threat of death on military operations, particularly on international stabilization operations that are complicated by problems of coordination and communication between participating …

The authors describes his experiences as head of the international effort to reconstitute officer training after the regime change in Iraq. Hilderink distinguishes between three roles: individual, team member, and commander. He describes how awareness of the threat suddenly becomes acute when circumstances, …

In this article we analyze the ways in which the risks of military missions and the prospects for casualties have made an impact on the deployment of soldiers by the Netherlands. The question is whether the self-image of being a military nation acts as a hindrance to participation when the going gets …