Cyber-physical systems-of-systems (CPSoS) are networks that interconnect cyber-physical systems and people. Intercommunications and interaction between a wide range of separate and autonomous components make a cyber-physical system-of-systems a highly complex entity. This complex entity works based on …

Interconnecting cyber-physical systems in networks leads to the creation of cyber-physical system-of-systems. In a cyber-physical system-of-systems (CPSoS), systems communicate by exchanging and sharing data and information, which this chapter also refers to as interoperability of information. To ensure …

Context is an entirety that arises from interaction and communication between people and objects mutually connected in networks. Place-, time- and goal-related interaction and communication between people and intelligent objects or cyberphysical systems will be made possible by means including applicable …

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A blockchain can be considered a technological phenomenon that is made up of different interconnected and autonomous systems. Such systems are referred to here as cyber‐physical systems: complex interconnections of cyber and physical components. When cyber‐physical systems are interconnected, a new whole …

All over the world, objects are increasingly connected in networks such as the Industrial Internet of Things. Interconnections, intercommunications and interactions are driving the development of an entirely new whole in the form of the Industrial Internet of Things. Communication and interaction are …

Thinking in terms of blockchain technology has developed rapidly over the past decade, with the focus primarily being on all the new possibilities created by this essentially technology-driven development. At its core, blockchain technology consists of a combination of reliable communication mechanisms …

The term “autonomy” comes from the Greek roots “autos” and “nomos”, which mean “self” and “law” respectively. This survey paper investigates the concept of autonomy in connection with the development of cyber-physical systems. The concept of autonomy refers to a form of self-regulation or self-government …