In an era of rapidly escalating teacher shortages, primary school administrators are increasingly confronted with the dual challenge of maintaining operational efficiency and upholding educational standards. In response to this new reality, many school administrators across Europe have devised innovative …

Higher professional education in Europe has changed from teaching-only institutes to hybrids of teaching and research. The purpose of this study was to examine factors that influence the judgements of lecturers about new organisational goals and perceptions of their new research-related competencies. …