Background:   Intellectual disability (ID) is a developmental disorder that causes considerably below-average intellectual performance and adaptive behaviour. In the context of the present study, families raising a child with ID are reported to experience multiple challenges that appear not to be well …

Productive Path is a case study and design for Pazkan Village in Baluchistan, Iran. The fertile valley of the Salazar River once supported a thriving production and trading of dates, but now endures the effects of the wars and upheavals in neighboring Afghanistan and Pakistan leading to trafficking and …

The aim of this paper is to understand the family members' perspective on women's use of public transport in Lahore, the second largest city in Pakistan. The proportion of men in Pakistan is almost equal, but women's contribution to public transport is not reflected equally and women have identified …

De auteur beschrijft de migrantenstroom in de grensplaats Velika Kladuša (Bosnië en Herzegovina). Sinds een jaar of twee is dit stadje de laatste halte voor migranten die via de Balkanroute naar de EU reist. Vanuit het binnenland arriveren onophoudelijk groepjes migranten die één richting uitgaan: Europa. …

Routine immunization (RI) of children is the most effective and timely public health intervention for decreasing child mortality rates around the globe. Pakistan being a low-and-middle-income-country (LMIC) has one of the highest child mortality rates in the world occurring mainly due to vaccine-preventable …

Background: The immunization uptake rates in Pakistan are much lower than desired. Major reasons include lack of awareness, parental forgetfulness regarding schedules, and misinformation regarding vaccines. In light of the COVID-19 pandemic and distancing measures, routine childhood immunization (RCI) …

Background: Digital health is well-positioned in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) to revolutionize health care due, in part, to increasing mobile phone access and internet connectivity. This paper evaluates the underlying factors that can potentially facilitate or hinder the progress of digital …

In 2011, a loose group of “grumpy futurists” wrote up an extensive list of “Alternatives to the Singularity” in a collaborative Google Document. “The Singularity”, in popular culture and para-religious belief, refers to the point where machine intelligence leaves humans behind. Against the techno-utopian …

Issues of race and discrimination towards the ethnic minorities have always existed in the United Kingdom. With the initiation of the EU referendum and Brexit, these issues have increased. Following the referendum, the media published news of hate crimes against Indian and Pakistani citizens. During …

Studies among people with dementia demonstrated that the sleep quality and rhythm improves significantly when people are exposed to ambient bright light. Since almost half of the healthy older people also indicate to suffer from chronic sleep disorders, the question arises whether ambient bright light …