Academisch Proefschrift, ter verkrijging van de graad Doctor aan de Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, op gezag van de rector magnificus prof. dr. J.J.G. Geurts, volgens besluit van de decaan van de Faculteit der Bètawetenschappen in het openbaar te verdedigen op donderdag 19 februari 2026 om 11.45 uur in …

The use and adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in our society is growing rapidly (Maslej 2025). Alongside this growth, the importance of specific ‘competencies’ that users need to effectively interact with and critically evaluate AI is becoming increasingly important (Long en Magerko 2020). This …

"While integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) can provide personalised, continuous feedback at scale in large courses, doing so responsibly requires technical accuracy and data privacy. In this study, we present an on-premises, privacy-preserving chatbot tutor for a university course that focuses on …

ChatGPT is rapidly gaining interest and attracts many researchers, practitioners and users due to its availability, potentials and capabilities. Nevertheless, there are several voices and studies that point out the flaws of ChatGPT such as its hallucinations, factually incorrect statements, and potential …

INTRODUCTION: A stay in the intensive care unit (ICU), although potentially life-saving, may cause considerable discomfort to patients. However, retrospective assessment of discomfort is difficult because recollection of stressful events may be impaired by sedation and severe illness during the ICU stay. …