Light is a form of energy produced by a luminous object which occurs as electromagnetic radiation and is closely related to other forms like radio waves, microwaves, gamma rays, infrared, UV and X radiation. The different kinds of radiation can be classified by using wavelengths. Only a small section …

Abstract: Since the first Oxford Survey of Childhood Cancer’s results were published, people have become more aware of the risks associated with prenatal exposure from diagnostic x rays. As a result, it has since been the subject of many studies. In this review, the results of recent epidemiological …

In this research several methods were developed and validated using the Supermini 200 wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. A multielement was calibrated containing 26 elements and corrected for interference according to the de Jongh algorithm. The limits of detection and quantification …

The species blonde ray (Raja brachyura) and thornback ray (Raja clavata) have been selected for the 2.1 InnoRays project, to get more insight about the status of these stocks in the Greater North Sea. Unstained and stained age determination methods were tested and LFQ data analysis are conducted for …

Abstract—A survey was conducted among 20 Dutch hospitals about radiation protection for interventional fluoroscopy. This was a follow-up of a previous study in 2007 that led to several recommendations for radiation protection for interventional fluoroscopy. The results indicate that most recommendations …

This paper describes the robustness determination and optimization of L-cysteine addition for total mercury content determination by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA). Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis is an analysis technique to measure concentrations of chemical elements regardless …

Abstract—A survey about radiation protection in pediatric radiology was conducted among 22 general and seven children’s hospitals in the Netherlands. Questions concerned, for example, child protocols used for CT, fluoroscopy and x-ray imaging, number of images and scans made, radiation doses and measures …

Background: The pressure in out-of-hours primary care is high due to an increasing demand for care and rising health-care costs. During the daytime, substituting general practitioners (GPs) with nurse practitioners (NPs) shows positive results to contribute to these challenges. However, there is a lack …

Diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) for medical x-ray procedures are being implemented currently in the Netherlands. By order of the Dutch Healthcare Inspectorate, a survey has been conducted among 20 Dutch hospitals to investigate the level of implementation of the Dutch DRLs in current radiological …

Within the semiconductor industry the demand for ever decreasing chip and resistor sizes has forced the use of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) waves in lithography machines. The older generation lithography machines used lenses to focus the waves. These lenses aren't transparent for EUV waves with a wavelength …