Summary

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the common neurodegenerative disorder and the most frequent cause of dementia. The disease accounts around 80% of all dementia diagnoses. The main reason of developing AD is amyloid cascade which starts from missense mutations in APP (amyloid precursor protein), Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase isoforms 2 (ROCK-II) genes and the presence of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) composed of Tau microtubule protein in the hippocampus leading to widespread neuronal disfunctions and cell death resulting in dementia. To control AD, the RNA interference (RNAi) may potentially be a mechanism that can inhibit the protein gene expression of a specific genes by directly blocking gene expression with high specificity. RNAi has major implications for basic and biomedical research that may lead to a number of clinical applications. Therefore, the selective silencing of mutant alleles have a potential to treat the inherited dementia. In this review, the role of RNAi in silencing of the mutant genes that cause AD will be defined and potential treatment of gene silencing technique will be determined.