The aim of this study was to investigate the nutritional composition of spring forage plants consumed by semi-domesticated reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) on natural pastures in northern Finland. This study was conducted in order to contribute to the development of standards for the assessment of the current …

Crustaceans that are very common in streams were often used as the testing of water quality standards. Therefore, it is effective to select Crustaceans as an indicator to examine the influence of decreasing water flow. Climate change induced the extremely dry summer in the Netherlands. Water flow decrease …

Keeping exotic species in captivity, like the okapi (Okapia johnstoni), is often problematic, especially concerning their nutrient requirements, since these per se have not been studied. The association of diets of okapis and some health problems in captivity has often been speculated. In 1998 a research …

Field experiments were carried out in 1991 and 1992 on sandy soil highly infested with the potato cyst nematode Globodera pallida. Half the trial area was fumigated with nematicide to establish two levels of nematode density. Three levels of soil compaction were made by different combinations of artificial …