Intercultural literature often treats ethnocentrism and ethnorelativism as opposite ends of a single continuum. This paper challenges that assumption by adapting Herzberg’s two-factor theory to propose a dual-spectrum model: (1) a “hygiene” axis (ethnocentrism ↔ absence of ethnocentrism) that prevents …

Self-Determination Theory (SDT) has been widely applied in sports coaching research, encompassing both basic psychological need (BPN)–supportive (bright side) and BPN–thwarting (dark side) coaching behaviours. This paper focuses on the bright side by systematically reviewing and meta-analysing SDT-based …