Het wordt steeds belangrijker om wetgeving aan de grondwet te kunnen toetsen, maar een consitutioneel hof is daarvoor te omslachtig, schrijft Bart Wernaart.

This systematic review focused on synthesizing information on studies that evaluated influential and constitutional factors that characterize (elements of) a learning environment for developing Information Problem Solving (IPS) in Higher Education students. Specifically, the goal was to create a comprehensive …

Highlights−Constitutional freedom of education affects democratic citizenship education policy.−Citizenship education legislation in 2006 and 2007 placed little demands on schools.−Legislation introduced in 2021 has further specified what is expected from schools.−Studies of citizenship education in …

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a technology which is increasingly being utilised in society and the economy worldwide, but there is much disquiet over problematic and dangerous implementations of AI, or indeed even AI itself deciding to do dangerous and problematic actions. These developments have led …

This paper explores whether constitutional litigation contributes to sustaining the equity element of the right to health. Equity entails a fair distribution of the burden of healthcare financing across the different socio-economic groups of the population. A shift towards uncontrolled private healthcare …

Emerging during the negotiations for the unratified Constitutional Treaty and officially launched with the Treaty of Lisbon, the European Citizens' Initiative allows citizens to invite the European Commission to propose legislation to the European Parliament and the Council based on an idea which gathers …

This study was commissioned by the European Parliament’s Policy Department for Citizens’ Rights and Constitutional Affairs at the request of the Committee on Constitutional Affairs of the European Parliament. It analyses the political and legal dynamics behind referendums on EU-related matters. It …

Enlargement fatigue is an effect that has been felt in the European Union (EU) by member states ever since its creation in 1957. Enlargement fatigue can be felt in the member states in two different ways, which are the constitutional deepening of the EU and the geographical widening of the EU. While …

According to several provisions of Iraq's Constitutional Law, Criminal Law and its obligations under International Law, at first sight it seems that minority women and girls of Iraqi Kurdistan are adequately protected under Iraqi and International Law. However, in reality these minority women suffer …

It seems today that the streets in Mexico are littered with bodies of journalists. Since the ruling president, Felipe Calderón, declared war on drug cartels in December 2006, more than 30 journalists have been murdered or have gone missing. The escalating violence and attacks on Mexican media are emerging …