The war in Ukraine shows that EU member states enjoy a wide margin of appreciation for applying arms exports criteria.

The Central Mediterranean route is currently the main one for migrants crossing the European Unions (EU) external borders. Boat migration and border security will be approached here within two main frameworks for analysis: a securitisation frame and a law enforcement frame. First, the pathways of securitisation …

This chapter links democracy promotion to soft power in order to highlight how the spread of democracy has changed the balance of power between the West and Russia. It considers Putins speech to the 2015 United Nations General Assembly as his intellectual response to democracy promotion and democratization. …

Historians and political scientists alike have confirmed a decline in inter and intra state violence. There is broad consensus regarding this decline. The world never will be perfectly safe, but many correlates of violence are known and therefore it is possible to manage safety and security. War, is …

This chapter explores the roles of the armed forces in the twenty-five Dutch Safety Regions. After distinguishing four types of Safety Regions based on the risks that they report, the rationale for the Safety Region is provided based on organization theory. Next, civil-military collaboration in Dutch …

NL ARMS 2016' offers a collection of studies on the interrelatedness of safety and security in military organizations so as to anticipate or even prepare for dire situations. The volume contains a wide spectrum of contributions on organizing for safety and security in a military context that are theoretically …

There is a consesus in current literature and among Western European secret services that transnational organized crime, terrorism and human trafficking increased after 1989. These transnational threats make the distinction between internal and external security for European states increasingly difficult …

De motivatie voor de interventie en stabilisatie van Afghanistan door voornamelijk westerse staten komt voort uit wederzijdse veiligheidsbelangen, vooral energieveiligheid. Gelet op de toenemende schaarste van delfstoffen en instabiliteit in het Midden-Oosten is het belang van de Kaspische Zee regio …

After more than three decades of war and conflict, Afghanistan is back on track towards becoming a functioning state again. Although security and stability have not taken root yet, the first results of peace are tangible. The quality of governance, the judicial …

Just like other countries, Austria is confronted with the increasing dynamics of the development of Information and Communication Technology (ICT). Both the public sector, including defence, and the private sector are depending on ICT. When discussing conflict scenario's, one has to discern international …